Chapter 1. Scope of the Document
1.1 Scope of the Document
1.2 Documents
1.2.1 Applicable Documents
1.2.2 Reference Documents
1.3 Acronyms

Chapter 2. Introductions
2.1 General Context
2.2 Expected modes and performances of ESPRESSO

Chapter 3: Main Scientific Drivers
3.1 Search for Rocky Extrasolar Planets
3.1.1 Introduction
3.1.2 An emerging population of low-mass exoplanets
3.1.3 Improvements and limitations of the radial velocity technique
3.1.4 Studying the global properties of rocky/icy planets around GK dwarfs
3.1.5 Searching for habitable Earth-like planets around M dwarfs
3.1.6 Follow-up of transiting Earth-like planets
3.2 Variability of Physical Constants
3.2.1 Background
3.2.2 The fine structure constant
3.2.3 The proton-to-electron mass ratio
3.2.4 Constants and the Dark Energy
3.2.5 Constants with ESPRESSO

Chapter 4: Additional science cases
4.1 Chemical composition of stars in local galaxies
4.2 Chemical composition of stars in the Milky Way
4.2.1 The extremely metal-poor stars
4.2.2 Globular Clusters
4.2.3 Isotopes and line shifts
4.3 Stellar oscillations
4.4 Intergalactic medium (IGM) and Cosmology
4.4.1 Chemical enrichment of the IGM
4.4.2 Chemical properties of protogalaxies
4.4.3 Galactic winds and tomography of the IGM
4.5 Additional extrasolar planet science

Chapter 5: Foreseen Use of the GTO
5.1 Distribution of GTO time among science cases
5.2 Extrasolar planets
5.2.1 Main scientific objectives
5.2.2 Number of potential targets
5.2.3 Observing strategy
5.3 Fundamental constants
5.3.1 Main scientific objectives
5.3.2 Number of potential targets
5.3.3 Observing strategy
5.4 Additional science cases

Chapter 6: Comparison with similar instruments
6.1 HARPS @ ESO-3.6m
6.2 High-resolution spectrographs on 10m-class telescopes
6.3 ESPRESSO as a precursor for CODEX

Chapter 7: References